Eli Whitney (1765–1825) was an American inventor and entrepreneur, best known for his cotton gin and his pursuit of interchangeability in firearms manufacture.

Eli Whitney may also refer to:

Eli Whitney Jr. (1820–1825), son of the inventor, maker of the Colt Walker revolver

Eli Whitney Museum in the U.S. state of Connecticut

Eli Whitney, North Carolina, an unincorporated community in the U.S. state of North Carolina