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Philosopher
Practitioners
James Flynn (academic)
New Zealand intelligence researcher (1934–2020)
Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
French politician, philosopher, anarchist and socialist (1809–1865)
Georg Ernst Stahl
German physician (1659–1734)
Ian Hacking
Canadian philosopher (1936–2023)
R. U. Sirius
American writer and talk show host
Robert B. Talisse
American philosopher (born 1970)
Pim Haselager
Dutch philosopher
Friedrich Schiller
German playwright (1759–1805)
Karl Popper
Austrian–British philosopher of science (1902–1994)
Otto Kirchheimer
German-American legal scholar
Richard M. Gale
American philosopher
Stephen C. Meyer
American author, educator and advocate of intelligent design creationism
Susan Bordo
American philosopher
Jonathan Swift
Anglo-Irish satirist and cleric (1667–1745)
Pere Garriga i Marill
Spanish philosopher (1842-1890)
Mao Zedong
Leader of China from 1949 to 1976
Mary Anne Warren
American philosopher (1946–2010)
Teresa of Ávila
Roman Catholic saint (1515–1582)
Erez Lieberman Aiden
American scientist (born 1980)
Thales of Miletus
Ancient Greek philosopher (c. 624 – c. 545 BC)
Carl von Clausewitz
Prussian army officer and military theorist (1780–1831)
Michael Griffin
American philosopher
Jean-Paul Sartre
French existentialist philosopher (1905–1980)
Steven Pinker
Canadian-American psycholinguist (born 1954)
Sousa Caldas
Brazilian priest and poet (1762–1814)
Francis Métivier
French philosopher
Simone de Beauvoir
French philosopher, social theorist and activist (1908–1986)
Pope Francis
Head of the Catholic Church from 2013 to 2025
William Hazlitt
19th-century English essayist and critic (1778-1830)
Mercy Otis Warren
American writer (1728–1814)